Skip to Content

Category Archives: Stainless steel

Re-understand stainless steel – Can stainless steel also rust?

Will stainless steel rust? At first glance, it seems to be a false proposition.  But stainless steel rust is everywhere in life, such as the picture below!

Stainless steel rust
Why does iron rust?

When iron is exposed to the air, it reacts chemically with oxygen and moisture to produce various iron oxides, which is manifested as “rust”!

What is stainless steel?

Different from normal steels , stainless steel is a type of steel that has the ability to resist atmospheric oxidation and also has the ability to resist corrosion in media containing acids, alkalis, and salts!

Introduction to stainless steel

In layman’s terms, stainless steel is steel that does not rust easily. In fact, some stainless steel has both rust resistance and acid resistance (corrosion resistance). The rustlessness and corrosion resistance of stainless steel are due to the formation of a chromium-rich oxide film (passivation film) on its surface. This film isolates the metal from the external medium, prevents the metal from being further corroded, and has the ability to repair itself. , if once damaged, the chromium in the steel will regenerate a passivation film with the oxygen in the medium to continue to play a protective role.

The decisive factor in the stainlessness of stainless steel is the chromium content. It is reported that the standards of European and American countries stipulate that the minimum chromium content cannot be less than 10.5%, Japan’s stipulation is 11%, and China’s is 12%.

Stainless steel classification

There are five basic types of stainless steel: austenitic, ferritic, martensite, duplex stainless steel, and precipitation hardening stainless steel.304 round bar

There are five basic types of stainless steel: austenitic, ferritic, martensite, duplex stainless steel, and precipitation hardening stainless steel.

(1) Austenitic stainless steel is non-magnetic. The typical steel type is added with 18% chromium and contains a certain amount of nickel to increase corrosion resistance. They are widely used steel types.

(2) Ferrite is magnetic and its main content is chromium, with a proportion of 17%. This material has good oxidation resistance.

(3) Martensitic stainless steel is also magnetic. The chromium content is usually 13% and contains an appropriate proportion of carbon.

(4) Duplex stainless steel has a mixed structure of ferrite and austenite. The chromium content is between 18% and 28%, and the nickel content is between 4.5% and 8%. They have great resistance to chloride corrosion. Good results.

(5) The conventional chromium content of precipitated stainless steel is 17, with a certain amount of nickel, copper and niobium added, which can be hardened through precipitation and aging.

According to the metallographic structure, it can be divided into:

  1.  Ferritic stainless steel (400 series), which is chromium stainless steel, the main representatives are 420, 440, etc.;
  2. Austenitic stainless steel (300 series), chromium-nickel stainless steel, the main representatives are 304, 316, 321, etc.;
  3. Martensite Stainless steel (200 series), chromium-manganese stainless steel, high carbon content, the main representatives are 1Gr13, etc.

Why stainless steel resists rust

Elements such as nickel and nickel are added to the surface of stainless steel to form an extremely thin, strong, fine, and stable chromium-rich oxide film (protective film), which prevents oxygen atoms from continuing to penetrate and oxidize, thereby gaining the ability to resist rust.

Why does stainless steel also rust?

Stainless steel will rust when the dense oxide protective layer is destroyed.

Under what conditions will the protective film be damaged?

  • Bleaching powder
  • Mechanical wear
  • Water

Application areas of stainless steel

There are many types of stainless steel, with different properties and different use environments.

301—Good ductility, used for molded products. It can also be hardened by mechanical processing with good weldability. Furthermore,wear resistance and fatigue strength are better than 304 stainless steel.

302—The corrosion resistance is the same as that of 304, but its strength is better due to its relatively higher carbon content. Often used in the food industry

316—Compare with 304, the 316  most widely used steel type, mainly used in the food industry and surgical equipment, the addition of molybdenum gives it a special structure that resists corrosion. Because it has better resistance to chloride corrosion than 304, it is also used as “marine steel”. SS316 is usually used in nuclear fuel recovery devices.

420—”Cutting grade” martensitic steel, similar to Brinell high chromium steel, the earliest stainless steel. Also used in surgical knives, which can be made very shiny.

430—ferritic stainless steel, for decorative purposes, such as automotive accessories. Good formability, but poor temperature resistance and corrosion resistance.

440—High-strength cutting tool steel with slightly higher carbon content. After appropriate heat treatment, it can obtain higher yield strength and its hardness can reach 58HRC, which is among the hardest stainless steels. The most common application example is “razor blades”. There are three commonly used models: 440A, 440B, 440C, and 440F (easy-to-process type).

1.4112 stainless steel application

In addition to 300 series and 400 series, there are also 500 series – heat-resistant chromium alloy steel, 600 series – martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel

Stainless steel materials may rust due to the following reasons:

 There are chloride ions in the use environment

Chloride ions exist widely, such as table salt/sweat stains/sea water/sea breeze/soil, etc. Stainless steel corrodes very quickly in the presence of chloride ions, even more than ordinary low carbon steel. Therefore, there are requirements for the environment in which stainless steel is used, and it needs to be wiped frequently to remove dust and keep it clean and dry. (This would give him an “inappropriate use” rating.)

Without solid solution treatment

The alloy elements are not dissolved into the matrix, resulting in a low alloy content in the matrix structure and poor corrosion resistance.

Natural intergranular corrosion

This titanium- and niobium-free material is prone to intergranular corrosion.

The most common ways to destroy the passive film of stainless steel in daily life are as follows:

1. Dust containing other metal elements or attachments of heterogeneous metal particles accumulate on the surface of stainless steel. In humid air, the condensed water between the attachments and stainless steel connects the two into a micro-battery, triggering an electrochemical reaction. , the protective film is damaged, which is called electrochemical corrosion.

2. Organic juice (such as vegetables, noodle soup, etc.) adheres to the surface of stainless steel. In the presence of water and oxygen, it forms organic acid. For a long time, the organic acid corrodes the metal surface.

3. The surface of stainless steel contains acid, alkali, and salt substances (such as alkaline water and lime water splash on the wall decoration), causing local corrosion.

4. In polluted air (such as an atmosphere containing a large amount of sulfides, carbon oxides, and nitrogen oxides), when encountering condensed water, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and acetic acid liquid points will form, causing chemical corrosion.

To ensure that metal surfaces are permanently bright and free from rust, here are some suggestions:

1. The surface of decorative stainless steel must be cleaned and scrubbed frequently to remove attachments and eliminate external factors that cause modification.

2. 316 stainless steel should be used in seaside areas. 316 material can resist seawater corrosion.

3. The chemical composition of some stainless steel pipes on the market cannot meet the corresponding national standards and cannot meet the 304 material requirements. Therefore, it will also cause rust, which requires users to carefully choose products from reputable manufacturers.

So stainless steel is not that it will not rust, but it is not easy to rust!

If  you want to know more information about stainless steel ,please do not hesitate contact us.

0 Continue Reading →

What are the main effects of Chromium(Cr) in steel?

Cr in steel is one of the main composition  composing steel, and its content directly affects the corrosion resistance and hardenability of steel. What are the main effects of Cr in steel? Last artical we talked about the relationship between Nickel(Ni) and steel. This article details the properties, microstructure, and application of Cr on steel.

Chromium(Cr) on the microstructure and heat treatment of steel

  • Chromium and iron can form a continuous solid solution and reduce the austenite phase area. Chromium forms various carbides with carbon, and its affinity with carbon is greater than iron and manganese but lower than tungsten, molybdenum, etc.
  • Chromium can reduce the concentration of carbon in pearlite and the ultimate solubility of carbon in austenite.
  • Slow down the decomposition rate of austenite and significantly improve the hardenability of steel, but also increase the temper brittleness tendency of steel.

The influence of chromium(Cr) on the mechanical properties of steel

  • Cr12MoV round barImprove the strength and hardness of steel. Chromium can improve the strength and hardness of carbon steel in its rolling state, and reduce the elongation and area shrinkage. When the chromium content more than  15%, the strength and hardness will decrease, and the elongation and area reduction will increase accordingly. Parts containing chromium steel can easily obtain higher surface processing quality after grinding.
  • Chromium can increase the hardenability of steel and have a secondary hardening effect, which can improve the hardness and wear resistance of carbon steel without making the steel brittle. When the content more than 12%, the steel has good high-temperature oxidation resistance and oxidation corrosion resistance, and also increases the thermal strength of the steel, such as Cr12MoV. Chromium is the main alloying element of stainless steel, acid-resistant steel and heat-resistant steel.
  • Significantly increase the ductile-brittle transition temperature of steel.
  • The impact toughness drops sharply when the chromium content is high.

The influence of chromium(Cr) on the physical, chemical and process properties of steel

  • Improve the wear resistance of steel and easily obtain lower surface roughness values. The electroplating industry widely uses chromium plating technology to improve the wear resistance and aesthetics of products, as shown in the figure below.Surface chrome plated round rod
  • Reduce the conductivity and temperature coefficient of resistance of steel.
  • Improve the coercive force and residual magnetic induction of steel, and are widely used in the manufacture of permanent magnet steel tools.
  • Chromium forms a passivation film on the surface of steel, which significantly improves the corrosion resistance of steel; but when carbides containing chromium precipitate, the corrosion resistance of steel decreases.
  •  Improve the oxidation resistance of steel.
  • Dendritic segregation is easy to form in chromium steel, which reduces the plasticity of the steel.
  • Since chromium reduces the thermal conductivity of steel, one must slowly heat it during hot processing and slowly cool it after forging and rolling.

Application of Chromium(Cr) in Steel

  • Chromium is mainly used in alloy structural steel to improve hardenability, and chromium-containing carbides can be formed on the carburized surface to improve its wear resistance.
  •  Chromium and other elements are used in spring steel to improve the overall performance of the steel.
  • The use of chromium in bearing steel improves wear resistance and has the advantages of small surface roughness after grinding.
  • In tool steel and high-speed steel, it mainly use chromium to improve wear resistance, and it has certain advantages such as tempering resistance and toughness.
  • Chromium often applicate in combination with manganese, nitrogen, and nickel in stainless steel and heat-resistant steel. When austenitic steel needs to form, there must be a certain ratio between chromium that stabilizes ferrite and manganese and nickel that stabilize austenite. Such as Cr18Ni9, etc.

Want to know more about information about the Cr in steel ? Please contact :

0 Continue Reading →

The good relationship between Nickel(Ni) and Steel

We all know that in addition to iron and carbon, the main elements of steel include silicon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus, etc. And Nickel(Ni) and steel have a good relationship when it express some specail properties .Nickel is one of the main elements that improves and enhances the properties of steel. So what is the main role of nickel in steel? This article details the relationship between Nickel(Ni) and steel.Nickel-Chemical composition

How does Ni affects the microstructure and heat treatment of steel ?

  1. Nickel and iron can form infinite solid solutions. Nickel expands the austenite zone of iron and is the main alloy element that forms and stabilizes austenite.
  2. Nickel and carbon do not form carbides.
  3. Reduce the critical transformation temperature, reduce the diffusion rate of various elements in steel, and improve hardenability.
  4. Reduce the carbon content of eutectoid pearlite, its effect is second only to nitrogen but stronger than manganese. It is about half as effective as manganese in reducing the martensitic transformation temperature.

The influence of nickel on the mechanical properties of steel

  1. Strengthen ferrite and refine and increase pearlite to improve the strength of steel and have little impact on the plasticity of steel.
  2. The carbon content of nickel-containing steel can be appropriately reduced, thus improving the toughness and plasticity.
  3. Improve the fatigue properties of steel and reduce the sensitivity of steel to notches.
  4.  Since it is not very effective in improving the hardenability and tempering stability of steel, nickel is of little significance to quenched and tempered steel.

The influence of nickel on the physical, chemical and process properties of steel

  1.  Greatly reduce the thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of steel.
  2. Steel with a mass fraction of nickel less than 30% is paramagnetic (i.e. non-magnetic steel), and iron-nickel alloys with a mass fraction of nickel greater than 30% are important precision soft magnetic materials.
  3.  Steel with a nickel mass fraction of 15%-20% or higher has high corrosion resistance to sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid, but is not resistant to nitric acid corrosion. In summary, nickel-containing steel has certain corrosion resistance to acids, alkalis and the atmosphere.
  4. Austenitic electrodes should be used when welding steel with high nickel content to prevent the occurrence of cracks.
  5. Banded structure and white spot defects are prone to occur in nickel-containing steel, which should be prevented in the production process.

Application of Nickel in steel

  1. Pure nickel steel is only used when there are particularly high impact toughness or very low working temperature requirements.
  2.  Nickel-chromium or nickel-chromium-molybdenum steel used in machinery manufacturing can obtain comprehensive mechanical properties with good strength and toughness after heat treatment. Nickel-containing steel is particularly suitable for parts that require surface carburization, as shown in the figure. a) Cam mechanism shaft b) Drive shaftNickel parts
  3. Nickel is an austenitizing element in high-alloy austenitic stainless heat-resistant steel, which can provide good comprehensive properties. It is mainly Ni-Cr series steel ,also know as stainless steel, such as 304 stainless steel304 round bar
  4. Since nickel is relatively scarce and an important strategic material, it is relatively expensive. Therefore, it will be used unless it is impossible to meet the performance requirements with other alloy elements. If you are pursuing cost-effectiveness, you can choose the steel with nickel-free or with a less nickel content to instead.

In conclusion

1. Nickel strengthens steel, increasing strength without compromising plasticity.
2. Nickel boosts strength in low carbon steel without sacrificing toughness.
3. Nickel enhances steel strength with minimal impact on toughness and plasticity.
4. Nickel in medium carbon steel reduces pearlite, increasing strength or allowing carbon reduction to enhance toughness.
5. Nickel improves steel fatigue resistance and reduces notch sensitivity.
6. Nickel lowers low-temperature brittleness, enhancing steel toughness for cold applications.
7. High nickel content alters iron-nickel alloy expansion coefficients, useful for specialized materials.
8. Nickel in steel provides corrosion resistance to acids, alkalis, atmosphere, and salt, vital for stainless steel.

0 Continue Reading →

Exploring the Versatility of 1.4112(X90CrMoV18) Stainless Steel

1.4112 is a high-carbon, high-chromium member of the stainless steel series. Due to its high carbon content, it provides high mechanical strength values as well as corrosion resistance after heat treatment. Good hardening and wear resistance. But it also sacrifices corrosion resistance due to the higher carbon content . 1.4112(X90CrMoV18) commonly known as AISI 440B.

Standard:

DIN EN 10088-3

Chemical composition

Standard Grade C Si Mn S P  Cr Mo
DIN EN10088-3 1.4112 0.85-0.95 Max1.00 Max1.00 Max0.030 Max0.040 17.00-19.00 0.90-1.30
ASTM A 276 – 10 440B 0.75-0.95 Max1.00 Max1.00 Max0.030 Max0.040 16.00-18.00 Max0.75

1.4112 material has a good capability of getting hardness. It containes ~%0.95 carbon element and because of high carbon, this grade is really good grade for high hardness. But since it contains ~%0.95 carbon, its corrosion resistance is not soo good.

Physical properties and mechanical propeties of 1.4112 stainless steel

  • Thermal conductivity, λ20℃: 15 W * m-1 * K-1
  • Linear expansion coefficient, α = 10,4 * 10-6 * K-1
  • Heat capacity, cp = 430 J * kg-1 * K-1
  • Resistance: 0,8 mkOhm * m
  • Modulus of elasticity, E = 215 GPa
  • Density = 7,7 g/cm3
  • Hardness in annealed condition +1C, +1E, +1D, +1X, +1G, +2D: < 285HB
  • Hardness after hardening and tempering of steel 1.4112 : 55-57 HRC

1.4112 stainless steel application Application of 1.4112 stainless steel

1.4112 stainless steel is used in the manufacture of a variety of cutting tools, bearings, gauges, molds, valve components, blades.  And widely used in measuring instruments that require corrosion resistance in applications requiring both wear and corrosion resistance. Used in glass moulds, pumps and plastics industry.

0 Continue Reading →

What mould steel is best for your mold? S136, NAK80 or P20?

This week, I had a customer inquire with us about several mould steel NAK80, S136 and P20. We knew that these steels would be used in plastic molds, and he wanted to compare the prices of these materials. This article analyzes the differences between the above materials and helps customers choose the most suitable material.

Description of mould steel S136,NAK80 and P20:

P20 steel plate S136 steel is chromium-nickel-molybdenum-vanadium alloy steel. As a high-quality plastic mold steel, S136 is widely used in injection molds, extrusion molds, blow molds and other fields. This mold steel has excellent corrosion resistance, polishability, wear resistance, and machinability, making it an ideal choice for manufacturing high-quality, high-precision plastic products.
NAK80 steel  is a kind of pre-hardened plastic mold steel, it is from Japan ,Daido . NAK80 steel generally used for mirror polishing molds, dustproof, TV filter plates, cosmetic boxes, precision wrinkle treatment molds, office automation equipment, auto parts electrical discharge processing molds, etc.
P20 steel  is an American standard pre-harden plastic mold steel. Widely used in China, factory hardness HRC30~42, suitable for large and medium-sized precision molds, suitable for long-term production of high-quality plastic molds, and used for large mold bases. This steel has good machinability and can be generally polished.

Chemical composition difference

Grade C Si Mn S P  Cr
 ASSAB S136 Max0.38 Max0.80 Max0.50 MAX0.030 MAX0.030 Max13.6
Grade C Si Mn S P  Cr Mo
ASTM P20 0.28-0.40 0.20-0.80 0.60-1.00 ≤0.030 ≤0.030 1.40-2.00 0.30-0.55
Grade C Si Mn  Cr Mo  Ni Al Cu
 JIS NAK80 0.15 0.30 1.50 0.30 0.30 3.00 1.00 1.00

Characteristic between mould steel S136 , NAK80 and P20

S136 mold steel

  1. Corrosion resistance: It has excellent corrosion resistance and apply  in humid environments for a long time without rusting.
  2. High hardness: It has high hardness and can maintain good hardness and wear resistance at high temperatures.
  3. Excellent cutting performance: It has good cutting performance and is easy to process and manufacture.
  4. Good heat treatment performance: It has good heat treatment performance and can obtain the required hardness and strength through heat treatment.
  5.  Excellent wear resistance: It has excellent wear resistance and can maintain good surface finish and dimensional accuracy during long-term use.

NAK80 steel

  1.  High hardness: NAK80 mold steel is pre-hardened steel, and its hardness can reach 37-43HRC before leaving the factory.NAK80 STEEL
  2.  Excellent polishing performance: very suitable for molds with high surface requirements, such as optical devices or injection molded parts
  3. Ease of processing: NAK80 has very good processing performance, is easy to cut, mill and drill, and can meet the requirements of mold processing.
  4. Good thermal stability: NAK80 can still maintain stable performance in high-temperature working environments. It has a low thermal expansion coefficient and excellent thermal conductivity, and can effectively resist plastic mold deformation and thermal stress caused by high temperatures.

P20 steel

  1. Hardness: Factory pre-hardened, hardness 29-33HRC. Uniform hardness, good polishing performance and photo-etching performance, and good processing performance
  2. It has excellent cutting performance and wear resistance, and can withstand high pressure and impact. Suitable for long term mold use.
  3. P20 mold steel also has high strength and toughness and can withstand long-term mold work.
  4. It has good heat resistance and corrosion resistance, making it the first choice material for plastic injection molds.

Application between mould steel S136 , NAK80 and P20

NAK80  Steel application :

Mould steel NAK80 widely used in plastic injection molds, die-casting molds and precision molds also in industries such as auto parts, home appliances, electronic products, and medical devices.

It is suitable for flat panel displays, cameras, audio equipment, transparent covers, films and other shell molds with mirror polishing requirements.

S136 steel application

S 136 is suitable for plastic molds with high corrosion resistance and mirror polish requirements.

Therefore  the highly smooth surfaces of S136 steel for the production of optical products, such as cameras, sunglasses, chemical instruments and plastic products;

mould steelP20 Steel application

  • P20 is suitable for plastic molds and mold bases such as TV front casings, telephones, water dispensers, vacuum cleaners, etc.
  • Thermoplastic plastic injection molds, extrusion molds.
  • Thermoplastic blow molds. Heavy duty mold main components.
  • Cold structural parts.
  • Commonly used in manufacturing TV casings, washing machines, refrigerator inner casings, buckets, etc.

The difference of price between mould steel S136 , NAK80 and P20

P20 < S136 < NAK80

In conclusion

S136 , NAK80  and P20 are all good material widely used for steel mould.

But there are some application  differences.

  • If you need a mold with good polishability and relatively high requirements, you can choose NAK80 steel.
  • If you want to produce injection molds or extrusion molds with certain corrosion resistance but also have certain surface requirements, you can choose S136 steel.
  • If you have a budget Limited, if the surface requirements are not high, you can choose the more cost-effective P20 steel.

Otai special steel stock more than 1500tons for S136 , NAK80  and P20 steel. If you want to get the stock list and the price details , please contact below information:

 

Joann -Otai specai steelName: Joann

E-mail:joann@otaisteel.com

WhatsApp:+8613128068365

0 Continue Reading →

440C Stainless steel

When it comes to premium stainless steel, 440C steals the spotlight. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the intricate details of 440C steel—covering specifications, chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties, applications, steel equivalents. Whether you’re a seasoned buyer or a curious visitor, this guide aims to demystify 440C and empower you with the knowledge needed to make informed decisions.

440C Steel General Properties

440C Stainless Steel, designated as UNS S44000 and DIN 1.4125/X105CrMo17, belongs to the high-alloy martensitic stainless steels with excellent corrosion resistance, particularly due to its high chromium content. It falls under the category of precipitation-hardened steels, combining characteristics of both martensitic and austenitic steels.

Corrosion Resistance

440C demonstrates good resistance to various environments, including the atmosphere, fresh water, foods, alkalies, and mild acids. The highest resistance is achieved in the hardened, tempered, and passivated condition, with a smooth polished surface further enhancing corrosion resistance. In many environments, its corrosion resistance is comparable to grade 304.

 Heat Resistance

440C is not recommended for use in temperatures exceeding the relevant tempering temperature to prevent a reduction in mechanical properties due to over-tempering.

440C Round bar440C Steel Heat Treatment

Annealing:

– Full Anneal: 850-900°C, slow furnace cool to about 600°C, then air cool.
– Sub-critical Annealing: 735-785°C, followed by a slow furnace cool.

Hardening:

– Heat to 1010-1065°C, quench in warm oil or air.
– Immediate tempering at 150-370°C to achieve a range of hardness values.

440C Steel Welding

If welding is necessary, pre-heat at 250°C and follow welding with a full anneal. Grade 420 filler produces a high-hardness weld, while 309 or 310 yields soft welds with higher ductility.

440C Steel Machining

440C is relatively easily machined in the annealed condition, comparable to high-speed steel. However, machining becomes more challenging, potentially impossible, after hardening.

440C Steel Mechanical Properties

Tempering Temperature (°C) Tensile Strength (MPa) Yield Strength 0.2% Proof (MPa) Elongation (% in 50mm) Hardness Rockwell (HRC) Impact Charpy V (J)
Annealed* 758 448 14 269HB max#
204 2030 1900 4 59 9
260 1960 1830 4 57 9
316 1860 1740 4 56 9
371 1790 1660 4 56 9

440C Stainless steel Physical Properties

Grade Density (kg/m3) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (mm/m/°C) Thermal Conductivity(W/m.K) Specific Heat Electrical Resistivity (nW.m)
0-100°C 0-200°C 0-600°C at 100°C at 500°C 0-100°C (J/kg.K)
440 C 7650 200 10.1 10.3 11.7 24.2 460 600

440C Stainless steel Equivalent and Chemical Composition

 

Standard Grade C Mn P S Si Cr Mo
ASTM A276 S44004/440C 0.95-1.20 ≦1.00 ≦0.04 ≦0.03 ≦1.00 16.0-18.0 ≦0.75
EN10088 X105CrMo17/1.4125 0.95-1.20 ≦1.00 ≦0.04 ≦0.03 ≦1.00 16.0-18.0 0.40-0.80
JIS G4303 SUS 440C 0.95-1.20 ≦1.00 ≦0.04 ≦0.03 ≦1.00 16.0-18.0 ≦0.75

Possible Alternative Grades

– 440A/B: Slightly softer and more corrosion-resistant.
– 440F: High machinability with similar hardness and hardenability.
– 420: Lower strength and hardness.
– 416: Higher machinability with lower hardness and strength.

Grade Characteristics

440C exhibits high strength, moderate corrosion resistance, and exceptional hardness and wear resistance, especially after heat treatment. Its elevated carbon content contributes to its outstanding properties, making it suitable for applications like ball bearings and valve parts.

440C application440C Stainless Steel Applications :

– Rolling element bearings
– Valve seats
– High-quality knife blades
– Surgical instruments
– Chisels

Conclusion

In conclusion, 440C stainless steel is not just a material; it’s a solution to your durability and performance needs. Whether you’re in the market for cutlery, aerospace components, or medical instruments, 440C stands as a reliable and versatile choice.

Want to know  more about the 440C  steel details  ?

Pls contact : JoannJoann -Otai specai steel

E-mail:joann@otaisteel.com

WhatsApp:+8613128068365

0 Continue Reading →

Unveiling the Marvels of 1.2085 (X33CrS16) Material: A Deep Dive

1.2085 (X33CrS16) material emerges as a corrosion-resistant martensitic stainless tool steel, known for its exceptional properties in various industrial applications. Let’s explore the intricacies of this material, covering its composition, hardness, mechanical properties, applications, and pricing.

1.2085 Material Composition and Unique Features

1.2085 (X33CrS16) steel is distinguished by its corrosion resistance and martensitic structure. In its hardened state, polished to mirror brightness, it becomes magnetizable, showcasing its versatility. The sulfur content not only facilitates good machinability but also contributes to its mechanical strength and toughness.

1.2085 Chemical composition:

  C Si Mn S P  Cr Mo Ni
1.2085 0.28-0.38 Max1.00 Max1.40 0.050-0.100 MAX0.030 15.00-17.00 / Max1.00

The interplay of these elements grants 1.2085 its remarkable strength, durability, and corrosion resistance. This chemical harmony contributes to the material’s suitability for various applications.

1.2085 Hardness: A Key Indicator of Performance

1.2085 is delivered hardened and double tempered to 280 – 325 HB (29 – 33 HRC), 1.2085 (X33CrS16) steel stands as a robust material, suitable for applications demanding resilience and durability. This hardness range ensures optimal performance in various working conditions.

1.2085  Properties: Unraveling the Technical Details

Resistant to the corrosion, Martensite steel with the high content of chrome. The steel has good resistance to the wear, good workability and polishability. Delivered quenched and tempered 280 – 325 HB.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Quantity Value Unit
Thermal expansion 16 – 17 e-6/K
Thermal conductivity 16 – 16 W/m.K
Specific heat 500 – 500 J/kg.K
Melting temperature 1370 – 1400 °C
Service temperature 0 – 500 °C
Density 8000 – 8000 kg/m3
Resistivity 0.7 – 0.7 Ohm.mm2/m

Mechanical Properties

Properties Conditions
T (°C) Treatment
Density (×1000 kg/m3) 7.7-8.03 25
Poisson’s Ratio 0.27-0.30 25
Elastic Modulus (GPa) 190-210 25
Tensile Strength (Mpa) 1158 25 oil quenched, fine grained, tempered at 425°C
Yield Strength (Mpa) 1034
Elongation (%) 15
Reduction in Area (%) 53
Hardness (HB) 335 25 oil quenched, fine grained, tempered at 425°C

Applications Across Industries

1.2085 (X33CrS16) steel finds its stronghold in the realm of hot-forming molds. Widely utilized in extrusion tools, forging molds, aluminum injection molds, hot cutting blades, and plastic molds, its high impact resistance makes it a preferred choice for thick sheet cutting molds. Its adaptability extends to areas like the white goods and electronics industry, as well as medical and food applications.

Navigating the Price Landscape

Understanding the cost of 1.2085 (X33CrS16) steel involves considering factors such as product section, dimensions, and surface quality. For current and specific pricing, the “Proceed to Online Sales” button on www.saglammetal.com provides a gateway to accessing this crucial information.

1.2085 Material Industries and Applications

1.2085 (X33CrS16) steel seamlessly integrates into industries like white goods, electronics, medical, and the food industry. Its application spectrum spans plastic injection molding and serves as a reliable material for holder components, showcasing its adaptability across diverse sectors.

In conclusion

1.2085 (X33CrS16) (HC16S) steel is more than just a material—it’s a solution. Its corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, and versatility position it as a cornerstone in various industries, meeting the demands of precision and reliability.

1.2085 Material FAQs

1. **Is 1.2085 (X33CrS16) steel suitable for humid environments?**
– Yes, the sulfur content in 1.2085 steel contributes to its machinability, making it suitable for working in wet or humid conditions.

2. **What sets 1.2085 (X33CrS16) apart in hot-forming molds?**
– Its high impact resistance and excellent dimensional stability during heat treatment make it an ideal choice for hot-forming molds.

3. **How does the pricing of 1.2085 (X33CrS16) vary?**1.2085 flat bar
– Pricing considerations include product section, dimensions, and surface quality, and can be explored further on the www.saglammetal.com website.

4. **Can 1.2085 (X33CrS16) steel be used in the medical industry?**
– Absolutely, its corrosion resistance and mechanical properties make it suitable for applications in the medical industry.

5. **Is 1.2085 (X33CrS16) steel cost-effective for plastic injection molding?**
– Yes, its good machinability, mechanical strength, and toughness make it a cost-effective choice for plastic injection molding applications.

Want to know  more about the 1.2085 steel details and 1.2085 steel stock list ?

Pls contact : Joann

E-mail:joann@otaisteel.com

WhatsApp:+8613128068365

0 Continue Reading →

DIN 1.2083 Steel: Properties, Standards, and Applications

DIN 1.2083 steel, a martensitic stainless steel with a proven track record, is a front-runner in meeting the demanding requirements of hot pressing applications. Let’s delve deeper into the multifaceted aspects of this exceptional material, exploring its standards, dimensions, pricing, and more.

Stainless steel 1.2083 Standard

In the case of DIN 1.2083 steel, it is in compliance with the DIN EN ISO 4957 standard. This standard ensures that the steel meets stringent criteria, assuring users of its reliability and consistency.

1.2083 Steel Equivalents:

ISO EN 4957 ASTM A681
1.2083 / X40Cr14 420

Steel  1.2083 Chemical Composition:

C Si Mn S P  Cr
420 Min0.15 Max1.00 Max1.00 MAX0.030 MAX0.040 12.00-14.00
1.2083 0.36-0.42 Max1.00 Max1.00 MAX0.030 MAX0.030 12.50-14.50
Delving into the molecular makeup of DIN1.2083 unveils a precision-engineered alloy. Composed primarily of chromium, carbon, manganese, and molybdenum, this steel exhibits a well-balanced composition. The exact proportions contribute to its exceptional hardness, corrosion resistance, and machinability.

1.2083 Technical Information:

Density in kg/dm3 7,80
Young’s modulus (103 MPa) 200
Thermal conductivity at 20°C in W/(m K) 17,0
Specific heat capacity at 20°C in J/(kg K) 460

1.2083-round-barDIN1.2083 Heat Treatment:

  • Annealed:
    Under protective conditions, heat to 780°C and then cool to 650°C in the furnace at a rate of 10°C per hour, and then cool in the air.
  • Stress relief:
    After rough machining, it must be heated to 650°C, soaked for 2 hours, slowly cooled to 500°C, and then cooled in the air.
  • Hardening:
    Preheating temperature: 600-850℃
    Quenching temperature: 980-1050℃

1.2083 mold steel delivery status:

  • Soft annealing hardness: 210-241HB;
  • Quenching and Tempring (QT) hardness: 30-35HRC;
  • Quenching hardness: 48-55HRC.

Material Properties:

  1. Mechanical Strength and Toughness:
The stainless steel 1.2083  variant boasts robust mechanical strength and toughness, ensuring optimal performance under high-pressure hot pressing conditions.
  1. Corrosion Resistance:
With its martensitic structure, this steel exhibits excellent resistance to corrosion, making it an ideal choice for components exposed to corrosive plastics and abrasive elements.
  1. Machinability:
The inclusion of sulfur enhances machinability, facilitating the precise manufacturing of intricate components crucial in molding applications.
  1. Humid Atmosphere Compatibility:
Designed to withstand humid atmospheres and condensate, 1.2083 steel guarantees stability and longevity in challenging environmental conditions.
  1. Wear and Corrosion Resistance:
Tailored for high wear resistance, this steel excels in prolonged use within aggressive molding environments, ensuring longevity and reliability.
  1. Dimensional Stability:
Throughout the heat treatment process, 1.2083 maintains dimensional stability, a critical factor in achieving consistency in the final product’s size and shape.

1.2083  Steel Applications:1.2083 steel flat bar

1.2083 steel finds its niche in molding applications, particularly in the manufacturing of molds and mold-holders for the plastics industry. Its unique combination of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and machinability positions it as a top choice for professionals seeking superior performance in molding components, especially for materials like PVC.

1.2083 Steel Size and Customization:

1.2083 steel is available in diverse sizes, accommodating thicknesses up to 500 mm. This versatility allows for customization, meeting specific dimensional requirements for a wide range of molding applications.
Otai special steel supply DIN 1.2083 steel round bar  diameter from 8mm to 500mm ,1.2083 steel flat bar thickness from 6mm to 500mm .And specific size can be customrized according customer’s request.

1.2083  Steel Price and Cost-effectiveness:

While pricing may vary based on factors such as size, quantity, and supplier, 1.2083 steel is renowned for its cost-effectiveness, offering a favorable balance between performance and affordability in the competitive molding industry.

Conclusion:

In the intricate world of plastics molding, steel 1.2083  emerges as a reliable cornerstone, embodying a blend of mechanical prowess, corrosion resistance, and machinability. As an industry-standard choice, its adherence to global standards, availability in various sizes, and cost-effectiveness position it as a go-to material for molding professionals seeking excellence in their craft. Whether you are molding intricate PVC components or tackling other challenging applications, 1.2083 steel stands as a testament to mastering molding excellence.

1.2083 flat bar Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

  • Is 1.2083 material suitable for high-precision molds?

Absolutely, 1.2083 material’s exceptional hardness and dimensional stability make it an excellent choice for crafting high-precision molds.

    •  How does 1.2083 steel compare to other stainless steel alloys? 

      While it shares similarities with AISI 420 stainless steel, 1.2083 boasts its own unique combination of properties, making it well-suited for specific applications.

  • Can 1.2083 material be used for medical instruments?

Certainly, the corrosion resistance and dimensional stability of 1.2083 steel make it an excellent choice for crafting high-quality medical instruments.

  • Where can I find reliable suppliers of 1.2083 material?

Reputable suppliers in the metallurgical industry can provide accurate quotes and ensure the quality and authenticity of 1.2083 steel. Otai special stel supply 1.2083 steel more than 10 years,and stock 1.2083 steel round bar more than 1000tons.

Want to know  more about the 1.2083 steel details and 1.2083 steel stock list ?

Pls contact : Joann

E-mail:joann@otaisteel.com

WhatsApp:+8613128068365

0 Continue Reading →